ACES Publication Search
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| Title: | ACES Journal May 2022 Cover |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 37 Number: 5 Year: 2022 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 1968 KB |
| Title: | ACES Journal May 2022 Front/Back Matter |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 37 Number: 5 Year: 2022 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 334 KB |
| Title: | ACES Journal May 2022 Full |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 37 Number: 5 Year: 2022 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 17587 KB |
| Title: | A Brief History of Finite Element Method and Its Applications to Computational Electromagnetics |
| Abstract: | The development of the finite element method is traced, from its deepest roots, reaching back to the birth of calculus of variations in the 17th century, to its earliest steps, in parallel with the advent of computers, up to its applications in electromagnetics and its flourishing as one of the most versatile numerical methods in the field. A survey on papers published on finite elements, and on ACES Journal in particular, is also included. |
| Author(s): | S. Selleri |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 37 Number: 5 Year: 2022 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 2102 KB |
| Title: | Complex Inhomogeneous Dielectric Target Modeling and Scattering Estimation using a Self-Designed Software |
| Abstract: | This paper presents a method to finely model the arbitrarily irregular-shaped and inhomogeneous dielectric target. The target is first geometrically divided into a set of homogeneous and isotropic tetrahedral regions. Each region is precisely matched with a set of electromagnetic parameters. As a result, this can accurately model the target which has an extremely complex dielectric constant distribution and an irregular shape. Regarding the electromagnetic scattering evaluation of the established model, the method of moments (MoM) is adopted in consideration of the coupling between these tetrahedral regions, and the total scattering is obtained by solving the matrix equation. The above two computational sections are integrated into a self-designed software. One can just input the spatial distribution of the dielectric constant and then the designed software automatically processes the target’s geometric information and meshes the target. Finally, the scattered electric field and radar cross section (RCS) of the target are output from the software. The designed software provides an effective and accurate way to study the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of the complex inhomogeneous objects. |
| Author(s): | M. Hou, S. Gong, Y. Zuo, Y. Liu |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 37 Number: 5 Year: 2022 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 1267 KB |
| Title: | Isolation Enhancement using CSRR Slot in the Ground for Compact Two-Element Textile MIMO Antenna |
| Abstract: | A textile integrated, two-element, multipleinput multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is designed for Wi-Fi, wireless local area network (WLAN), and wearable biomedical applications. A CSRR slot and horn-shaped decoupling structure increases impedance matching and reduces the current movement from one element of antenna to another element which increases the isolation to 7.4 dB. The CSRR slot in the ground is accomplished between the elements to mitigate the surface current and enhance the isolation up to 27.4 dB. The 10-dB radiation exists from 4.65 to 5.97 GHz with more than 20-dB isolation in the full operating band where the maximum isolation is found to be 49.45 dB at 4.7 GHz. MIMO parameters are investigated in a two-element antenna, in which acceptable results are obtained. Bending analysis and phantom analysis are performed for wearable applications which demonstrate the acceptable results. |
| Author(s): | N. Sharma, A. Kumar, A. De, R. K. Jain |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 37 Number: 5 Year: 2022 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 1592 KB |
| Title: | Wearable Panda-Shaped Textile Antenna with Annular Ring-Defected Ground Structure for Wireless Body Area Networks |
| Abstract: | This research presents a compact pandashaped wearable antenna with a defected ground structure (DGS). It is fabricated using a flexible material to work at 2.4-GHz industrial scientific medical (ISM) band, confirming the wireless body area network (WBAN) application requirements. The annular ring DGS and circular and elliptical slots in the patch aid in achieving the operating frequency. Good impedance bandwidth is maintained during on-body and bending analysis. Furthermore, this antenna exhibits a peak gain of 7.3 dB and a minimum specific absorption rate (SAR) of 0.0233 W/kg for 1 g tissue and 1.02 W/kg for 10 g tissue. The investigation shows that an antenna with good robustness, compact, high flexibility, and very low SAR makes it a strong candidate for WBAN applications. |
| Author(s): | T. Annalakshmi, S. Ramesh |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 37 Number: 5 Year: 2022 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 3568 KB |
| Title: | An Empirical Loss Model for an Additively Manufactured Luneburg Lens Antenna |
| Abstract: | This research applies Effective Medium Theory and 3D Finite Element Analysis to model the transmissive loss through a waveguide fed additively manufactured Luneburg lens. New results are presented that provide rational function approximations for accurately modeling the aperture, beam, and radiation loss factors of the antenna. It introduces a normalized loss tangent and shows that the loss factors are dependent on the product of this parameter and the lens radius. Applying the constraint that the main beam of the radiation pattern contains 50% of accepted power, a maximum useful radius is tabulated for common polymers used in additive manufacturing. |
| Author(s): | B. F. LaRocca, M. S. Mirotznik |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 37 Number: 5 Year: 2022 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 1328 KB |
| Title: | A Parasitic Hat for Microstrip Antenna Design Based on Defected Structures for Multiband Applications |
| Abstract: | In this article, a novel design of a quadband parasitic hat microstrip antenna is proposed for multiband applications. The proposed antenna consists of a rectangular patch of dimensions 30 mm×11 mm cut with four L-shaped slots connected with a rectangular slot in the middle of the front side of the antenna to form a parasitic hat based upon defected microstrip structure. On the other side of the antenna, a defected ground structure is integrated as five rectangular slots embedded in the ground plane with the same width but with various lengths. The suggested antenna is designed and fabricated on a substrate material with an area of 45 × 40 mm2 with a thickness of 1.52 mm to generate four frequency bands. The proposed antenna is fed by a microstrip transmission line. The simulated radiation patterns, return losses, maximum gains, and efficiencies of the antenna are carried out by using electromagnetic simulation software based on the finite element method. The measured return loss results validate that the suggested antenna can be designed to cover the frequency ranges from (3.8464 to 4.1456) GHz for sub-7GHz 5G applications, (6.7 to 7.162) GHz for ultra-wideband applications, (9.1616 to 9.5187) GHz for maritime radio-navigation positioning systems, and (11.5421 to 16.4085) GHz for radionavigation satellite standards. The suggested antenna is based upon defected ground structure and defected microstrip structure techniques to improve the antenna performance. |
| Author(s): | F. F. Ismail, M. A. El-Aasser, N. H. Gad |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 37 Number: 5 Year: 2022 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 4511 KB |
| Title: | Solar Cell Integrated Wearable Patch Antenna on Artificial Magnetic Conductor for On-Body and In-Body Communications |
| Abstract: | This paper presents a patch antenna on a jeans textile with an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) structure stacked on a solar cell for wearable applications in the Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band. Meanwhile, the loading of the AMC reflector increases the radiation efficiency and antenna gain and also results in a reduction in specific absorption rate levels. As examination cases, two textile antenna designs loaded on 7 × 8 patches of AMC plane with the ground plane of both fully copper conductor and partially copper aided with solar cells were fabricated and tested, presenting a strong agreement between simulation and measurement. Its measured impedance bandwidth is 13.79% (2.16 GHz–2.48 GHz) with good return loss and voltage standing wave ratio features in the operating band where it is being used. Besides being a source of electricity, the silicon solar cells are also used as a radio frequency ground plane for the AMC plane. They can produce 363.08 mW. |
| Author(s): | S. B. T. Naganathan, S. Dhandapani |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 37 Number: 5 Year: 2022 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 3230 KB |
| Title: | Dual-Band Highly Isolated Eight-Element MIMO Antenna for 5G Mobile Phone |
| Abstract: | Based on the characteristic mode analysis (CMA) theory, a compact dual-band dual antenna pair with high element isolation function for 5G mobile terminal is proposed and designed in this paper. The antenna pair is composed of a pair of symmetrical stacked Fshaped radiators printed on the outside of the side frame, perpendicular to the main board. Based on the proposed decoupled antenna pairs, four pairs of antenna pairs are placed at both ends of two long side plates, and an 8-element MIMO antenna is proposed. High isolation in the operating frequency bands are achieved by using grounding branches and defective ground structure (DGS). All radiation elements are etched on a low-cost FR4 substrate with a total size of 150 × 75 × 6.8 mm3. The prototype of the antenna array is fabricated and measured. The working range of the antenna pair can cover 3.4GHz-3.6GHz,4.8GHz-5GHz 5G frequency bands and 5GHz-6GHz WLAN / WiFi / WiMax frequency bands. Besides, the isolation between any adjacent array elements are also > 15dB and > 16dB respectively, the total efficiency are 52%–75% and 58%–88% respectively, and the measured envelope correlation coefficients (ECC) are <0.16. Furthermore, user’s head effects are investigated and desirable results are obtained. The above results show that this proposed antenna array is a good candidate for MIMO applications in 5G smartphones. |
| Author(s): | Y. Wang, X. Wang, J. Wang, R. Shao |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 37 Number: 5 Year: 2022 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 1990 KB |
| Title: | Triple Bands UWB Antenna with Minimum Printed Area for Power Harvesting Applications |
| Abstract: | In this paper, a triple-band ultra-wideband UWB eight elements monopole antenna array is proposed. This antenna array is designed with the minimum printed area and is prepared for wireless local area network (WLANs) power harvesting applications. It covers the bands of 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz, which makes it suitable for Wi-Fi frequencies to harvest their power. The eight-element antenna array dimensions are 28.5 cm by 15 cm. These dimensions are chosen for the mini-solar cell integration process. Low-cost FR4 material is used as a substrate. The proposed antenna’s measured reflection coefficient is compared with its simulated counterpart and is founded in good harmony. |
| Author(s): | N. D. Sehsah, T. G. Abouelnaga, H. A. Elmikati |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 37 Number: 5 Year: 2022 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 3645 KB |
| Title: | Design of a Novel Circularly Polarized MIMO Antenna with Enhanced Isolation for Ultra-wideband Communication |
| Abstract: | In this paper, we propose a circularly polarized (CP) ultra-wideband (UWB) MIMO antenna. Compared with common linearly polarized (LP) UWB antenna, the proposed antenna can excite circular polarization (CP) mode for WLAN communication and its impedance bandwidth can also fully cover UWB spectrum. It consists of identical circularly polarized antennas. Each unit adopts circular monopole with extended orthogonal rectangle patch to realize broadband and symmetrical rectangular ground with slot in the diagonal of each antenna unit to achieve circular polarization for WLAN band. It has a very compact size and the dimension is 25 × 51 × 0.8 mm3. The impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna is from 3.1 GHz to 13.5 GHz, with average gain of 4 dBi, fully covering UWB bandwidth and enhanced by 38%. At the same time, circular polarization is achieved by embedding two symmetrical rectangular slot structures in the two opposite corners of every antenna unit. The extended orthogonal rectangle patch is introduced to enhance impedance bandwidth and broaden axial ratio (AR) bandwidth. The measured 3 dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth is 1.8 GHz (4.7-6.5 GHz), fully covering WLAN band. Meanwhile, the slit slot between antenna units and rectangular openings are introduced to achieve high isolation. The proposed antenna keeps ECC (envelope correlation coefficient) below 0.01, which showing good isolation and diversity characteristics. The proposed antenna can simultaneously operate in the UWB spectrum and exhibit circularly polarized (CP) radiation characteristic in WLAN. |
| Author(s): | L. Zhang, Q. Feng, M. K. Khan |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 37 Number: 5 Year: 2022 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 6059 KB |
| Title: | Multi-Mode Excitation by Interleaved EBG Structure for Suppression of Power/Ground Noise in Multi-Layer PCBs |
| Abstract: | Signal line transition with layer transition via is inevitable in multi-layer PCB. The return current can generate voltage noise between the cavities due to the discontinuity of the return current path. Other layer transition vias passing through the cavity can pick up the voltage noise and result in problems of signal integrity. In this paper, an electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structure is proposed for suppression of the broadband cavity noise. The impedance discontinuity between layers of interleaved EBG cell enhances the efficiency of noise suppression, and the slots embedded in the EBG cell excite multi-mode resonances for extending the bandwidth of noise suppression. The dispersion diagram is utilized to preliminarily analyze the characteristic of the proposed EBG cell, and a 5×5 cells EBG board is further analyzed for characterizing the efficiency of noise suppression. Both simulation and measurement results prove the proposed structure can effectively suppress the cavity noise under −35 dB over the frequency range from 0.56 GHz to the highest measurement frequency, 20 GHz. |
| Author(s): | D.-B. Lin, Y.-H. Chen, M.-H. Hsieh |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 37 Number: 5 Year: 2022 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 1662 KB |
| Title: | Calculation and Characteristics Analysis for Radiated Electromagnetic Field of High Voltage Converter Valve |
| Abstract: | Calculation and analysis of the radiated electromagnetic field by the high voltage converter valve are very important for the electromagnetic compatibility analysis between the various components of the converter system. First, the electromagnetic radiation calculation process of the converter valve is proposed. Then, according to the actual engineering application, a DC transmission simulation system of the converter system was built, and the current of the converter valve tower arm was obtained. Subsequently, according to the actual size, a 3D calculation model of the converter valve tower was established, and an MoM-based calculation method for the electromagnetic field of the converter valve tower was proposed. Finally, the attenuation characteristics and azimuth characteristics of the converter valve tower are analyzed, and the distribution rules of the radiated electromagnetic field inside the high voltage converter valve hall are clarified, which provide a theoretical foundation for the evaluation of the electromagnetic compatibility of the converter system. |
| Author(s): | H. Zou, L. Zheng, Y. Zhang, J. Zhang, Y. Wang, H. Wang |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 37 Number: 5 Year: 2022 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 2631 KB |
| Title: | Model of Ferrite-cored Driver-pickup Coil Probe Application of TREE Method for Eddy Current Nondestructive Evaluation |
| Abstract: | An analytical model of a driver-pickup coil probe, consists of a cylindrical ferrite core, located above a layered conductor is presented. The truncated region eigenfunction expansion (TREE) method is used and the solution region is truncated with a certain radius around z axis. First, the magnetic vector potential of each region of filamentary coil problem is derived and solved with variables separation method using boundary and interface conditions, and then the rectangular cross-section coil problem is solved with superposition method. The expression of induced voltage in pickup coil is obtained and can be calculated with software such as Matlab or Mathematica. Using the proposed analytical model, the influence of the excitation frequency and excitation current in the driver coil on the responses of the pickup coil is examined. Experiments are performed, and the changes of voltage induced in the pickup coil due to the conductor are measured at different excitation frequencies and excitation currents. The analytical calculation results agree with the experimental results very well, verifying the correctness of the proposed analytical model. |
| Author(s): | S. Zhang, C. Ye |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 37 Number: 5 Year: 2022 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 1188 KB |
| Title: | Research on the Characteristics of the Pantograph Arc and Analyzing its Influence on the ILS |
| Abstract: | In this article, a radiation model is proposed to estimate the emission of the pantograph arc. An improved least-square regression analysis method is given for studying the pantograph arc characteristics at various sites on electrified railways and at various train speeds. The radiation model and the improved leastsquare method were both validated using the test data. The impact of arc on the airport instrument landing system (ILS) was investigated using electromagnetic wave propagation theory and the signal-to-noise ratio requirement of the ILS. We deduced the position limit of the articulated neutral section (ANS) and verified it through experiments. This research provides a theoretical foundation and technological methodology for civil aviation and high-speed railway electromagnetic compatibility studies as well as helps for airport site selection and highspeed railway route planning. |
| Author(s): | Y. Xiao, F. Zhu, N. Lu, Z. Wang, S. Zhuang |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 37 Number: 5 Year: 2022 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 1187 KB |
| Title: | Rule for Mode Coupling Efficiency in Optical Waveguide Crossing |
| Abstract: | Crossing an optical waveguide requires a beam coupling from free space to waveguide at the entrance plane and another beam coupling from waveguide to free space at the exit plane of the waveguide. The aim of this paper is to provide a simple rule expressing the relationship between the involved numbers of free and guided modes that efficiently rebuild the field at each end of the waveguide. Using a numerical program built on Maple software, the rule was determined to be effective independently of the ratio between the beam spot size and the waveguide radius. |
| Author(s): | B. Bentouhami, Z. D. Kaddour |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 37 Number: 5 Year: 2022 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 2436 KB |